Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019deki baz\u0131 ayetlerde mazi yerine muzari, muzari yerine mazi kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir. Bu durum da ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n edeb\u00ee \u00fcslubuyla alakal\u0131 bir mevzudur. Bela\u011fat ilmindeki teknik ifadeyle \u201ckelam\u0131n muktez\u00e2-i z\u00e2hirin hilaf\u0131na getirilmesi\u201d hususu edeb\u00ee bir usl\u00fbb ve sanatt\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re kimi zaman normalde c\u00fcmle-i ismiyye getirilmesi gereken yerde muzari s\u0131ygas\u0131yla c\u00fcmle-i fi\u2018liyye getirilerek meram ifade edilir. Bunun hikmeti de muzarinin \u201cistimr\u00e2r\/s\u00fcreklilik\u201d ifade etmesidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Cenab-\u0131 Hak istihza edenlerin bu fiiline ceza veri\u015fini ifade buyurdu\u011fu ayet-i kerimede \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0632\u0626 buyurmam\u0131\u015f bilakis \u0627\u064e\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f \u064a\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0632\u0650\u0626\u064f buyurmu\u015ftur. Bunun nedeni \u00e2yette bahsedilen istihzan\u0131n s\u00fcreklilik ifade etti\u011fini vurgulayabilmektir. Arap diline iyi vak\u0131f olan beli\u011f \u015fahsiyetler nazar\u0131nda bu gibi ifadeler kelam\u0131n edeb\u00ee \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterirken bilgisizli\u011finden dolay\u0131 edeb\u00ee zevkten mahrum olanlar nazar\u0131nda hata olarak bile telakki edilebilmektedir. \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn bu noktayla m\u00fcteallik iddialar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc durum tam da bundan ibarettir.<\/p>\n
Bu duruma bir di\u011fer \u00f6rnek olarak \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u062a\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0649 \u0625\u0650\u0630\u0652 \u0648\u064f\u0642\u0650\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064f\u0631\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u0646\u064f\u0643\u064e\u0630\u0651\u0650\u0628\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0622\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0648\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0624\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064e \u201c<\/em>Onlar\u0131n ate\u015fin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda durdurulup “Ah, ke\u015fke d\u00fcnyaya geri g\u00f6nderilsek de bir daha Rabbimizin \u00e2yetlerini yalanlamasak ve inananlardan olsak!” dediklerini bir g\u00f6rsen !..<\/em>\u201d<\/em> [1]<\/a>\u00a0 \u00e2yet-i celilesini \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterebiliriz. Zira bu \u00e2yet-i celilede de bir tak\u0131m n\u00fcktelerden dolay\u0131 muktez\u00e2-i z\u00e2hirin hilaf\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 \u015e\u00f6yle ki, ayeti kerimede yer alan \u0644\u0648 edat\u0131 ile \u0625\u0630 edat\u0131n\u0131n mazi s\u0131ygas\u0131yla kullan\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. Ne var ki bu ayet-i kerimede ilgili edatlar muzarinin ba\u015f\u0131na getirilmi\u015f ve \u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a denmemi\u015ftir. Burada haber vermesinde hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde hilaf d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyen Cenab-\u0131 Hakk\u2019\u0131n istikbale dair s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6z\u00fcn ve verdi\u011fi haberin mazi kesinli\u011finde oldu\u011funa i\u015faret vard\u0131r. Yani bu kavl-i \u015ferif tahakkuku bak\u0131m\u0131ndan tahkiki a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan m\u00fcstakbel, tevili a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da mazidir.[2]<\/a> Yani bu \u00fcsl\u00fcp kullan\u0131larak sanki \u015f\u00f6yle denmi\u015ftir: \u0130leride meydana gelecek olan bu i\u015f haber vermesinde hilaf d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyen Allah \ufdfb\u2019\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fc oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in mazi gibi olmu\u015f bitmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Bazen muzari kullan\u0131lacak yerde de mazi s\u0131ygas\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu durum da muzari ile ileride olaca\u011f\u0131 haber verilen i\u015fin mazi ile ifade edilmesinin kesinkes vuku bulaca\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etme maksatl\u0131 oldu\u011funu bize g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u0648\u064e\u0646\u064f\u0641\u0650\u062e\u064e \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0631\u0650 ayet-i kerimesinde k\u0131yametin kopma esnas\u0131nda sura \u00fcf\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011finden mazi s\u0131ygas\u0131yla bahsedilmektedir. Bu, mezkur hadisenin, haddi zat\u0131nda m\u00fcstakbel bir olay olsa da mazide olmu\u015f gibi kesin bir olay oldu\u011funa i\u015faret etmek i\u00e7indir.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn bahsetti\u011fi mazi yerinde muzari kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 meselesine gelince bu da t\u0131pk\u0131 tersi gibi farkl\u0131 bir edeb\u00ee vurgu yapmak amac\u0131na matuf bir sanatt\u0131r. Bu sanat dinleyen ki\u015filerin pek g\u00f6r\u00fcp m\u00fc\u015fahede etmedikleri acayip bir vak\u0131ay\u0131 anlat\u0131rken sanki \u015fu an oluyormu\u015f gibi onlara anlatabilmek maksad\u0131na mebnidir. Nitekim muzaride \u015fimdiki hale delalet manas\u0131 bulundu\u011fundan mazi yerine bu makamlarda muzari kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 zikretti\u011fimiz manay\u0131 tahsil edecektir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u0650\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062d\u064e \u0641\u064e\u062a\u064f\u062b\u0650\u064a\u0631\u064f \u0633\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0642\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0628\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u0650\u062a\u064d \u0641\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u064a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0628\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0652\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0636\u064e \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0646\u0651\u064f\u0634\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064f \u00a0\u201c<\/em>R\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131 g\u00f6nderip de bulutu harekete ge\u00e7iren Allah’t\u0131r. Biz onu \u00f6l\u00fc bir b\u00f6lgeye g\u00f6ndeririz de \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra topra\u011fa onunla hayat veririz. \u00d6l\u00fclerin yeniden dirilmesi de b\u00f6yle olacakt\u0131r.<\/em>\u201d[4]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> Ayet-i kerimesinde \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 ifadesinden sonra \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 ifadesinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ayette anlat\u0131lan ve Allah \ufdfb\u2019\u0131n ak\u0131llara durgunluk veren kudretini canland\u0131ran hadiseyi el an ya\u015fan\u0131yormu\u015f gibi k\u0131labilmek i\u00e7indir.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n Hemen belirtelim ki bizim burada sat\u0131rlara d\u00f6kmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu edeb\u00ee \u00fcsluplar asl\u0131nda kaideler \u00fczerinden anla\u015f\u0131labilecek \u015feyler de\u011fildir. Zira edebiyat zaten ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya ya\u015fan\u0131lan bir halden ibarettir. Bu y\u00fczden biz arap dilinde mevcut olan bu edeb\u00ee incelikleri anlat\u0131rken \u201czevk\u201d ifadesini kullanmaktay\u0131z. Yani bunlar t\u0131pk\u0131 bir yeme\u011fin lezzeti gibi tadarak anla\u015f\u0131labilir. Bu da ancak ki\u015finin arap diline vukufiyeti ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur. Aksi takdirde bu i\u015fi s\u00f6z \u00fczerinde b\u0131rak\u0131rsak ilgili sanatlar sanki bir c\u00fcmlelik bir n\u00fckteden dolay\u0131 icra ediliyormu\u015f gibi bir netice ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu da koca bir deryay\u0131 bir barda\u011fa s\u0131\u011fd\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak kadar abes bir i\u015f olur. Mekke m\u00fc\u015frikleri edebiyat\u0131n zirvesinde \u015fah\u0131slar olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n bu acayip edeb\u00ee vurgular\u0131n\u0131 zevken anlayabiliyor ve taacc\u00fcplerini gizleyemiyorlard\u0131. Ne var ki, \u00d6zt\u00fcrk gibi arap dilinden son derece uzak \u015fah\u0131slar kendi cehaletlerinden ne\u015fet eden kusuru Kur\u2019an gibi be\u015ferin bir mislini getirmekten aciz oldu\u011fu il\u00e2h\u00ee bir nazma nispet etmektedirler. \u00d6yle bir cehalet ki bu, Mekke m\u00fc\u015frikleri ve Kur\u2019an d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 oryantalistlerin dahi Allah kelam\u0131na bu noktadan ta\u2018nda bulunmaya yeltenmedikleri t\u00fcrden.<\/p>\n [1]<\/a> En\u2018\u00e2m, 27<\/p>\n [2]<\/a> et-Teft\u00e2z\u00e2n\u00ee, Muhtasaru\u2019l-Me\u2018\u00e2n\u00ee<\/em>, s.89<\/p>\n [3]<\/a> et-Teft\u00e2z\u00e2n\u00ee, Muhtasaru\u2019l-Me\u2018\u00e2n\u00ee<\/em>, s. 74<\/p>\n
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