{"id":780,"date":"2020-12-11T15:27:09","date_gmt":"2020-12-11T15:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omerfarukkorkmaz.com.tr\/?p=780"},"modified":"2020-12-11T15:27:09","modified_gmt":"2020-12-11T15:27:09","slug":"kuranin-arapca-olmasi-evrensellige-aykiri-midir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/omerfarukkorkmaz.com.tr\/tr\/kuranin-arapca-olmasi-evrensellige-aykiri-midir\/","title":{"rendered":"Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n Arap\u00e7a Olmas\u0131 Evrenselli\u011fe Ayk\u0131r\u0131 M\u0131d\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n tarihsel bir hitap oldu\u011fu noktas\u0131ndaki iddialar\u0131n\u0131 bir ba\u015fka dayanakla da temellendirmek istiyor. S\u00f6z gelimi bu dayanak, ona g\u00f6re Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n dil d\u00fczeyinde evrensellik iddias\u0131nda bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun da gerek\u00e7esi Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n Arap\u00e7a olarak inzal edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu noktalar\u0131n ilgili iddiaya nas\u0131l mesnet oldu\u011fu sorusu \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ifadelerinde \u015f\u00f6yle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k buluyor:<\/p>\n

\u201c<\/em><\/strong>Kur’an dil-lisan d\u00fczeyinde de evrensellik iddias\u0131 i\u00e7ermez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Kur’an Araplar\u0131n diliyle inzal edilmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 ayetlerde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtildi\u011fine g\u00f6re Kur’an’\u0131n Arap\u00e7a olarak inzal edili\u015f nedeni akletme, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme ve anlamad\u0131r. Kur’an’\u0131n Arap\u00e7a olu\u015fu ile akletme aras\u0131ndaki ilinti \u00e7ok sarihtir ki Araplar i\u00e7in anlaml\u0131d\u0131r. Nitekim Kur’an’\u0131n Hz. Peygamber\u2019e Arap\u00e7a olarak vahyedili\u015f gerek\u00e7isini “Mekke ve \u00e7evresindeki insanlar\u0131 uyarmak” \u015feklinde belirten 42\/\u015e\u00fbr\u00e2 7. ayet bu ger\u00e7e\u011fin en m\u00fc\u015fahhas delilidir.\u201d[1]<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n dili \u00fczerinden destek aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihselcilik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00f6yleyeceklerimiz de s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Allah \ufdfb\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi kitap, kullar\u0131 ile kelam\u0131n\u0131 vas\u0131ta yaparak irtibata ge\u00e7mesi manas\u0131na geldi\u011fine g\u00f6re mutlaka bir dille g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Bu dilin hangisi olaca\u011f\u0131 da kitab\u0131n ilk muhatap olarak g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi peygamberin ve o peygamberin de g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi \u00fcmmetin konu\u015ftu\u011fu dile g\u00f6re belli olacakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle her peygamber de kavminin lisan\u0131yla g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. Nitekim, bu durum bir ayet-i celilede \u015f\u00f6yle ifade buyrulmaktad\u0131r: \u201c(Allah’\u0131n emirlerini) onlara iyice a\u00e7\u0131klas\u0131n diye her peygamberi yaln\u0131z kendi kavminin diliyle g\u00f6nderdik\u201d[2]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> Demek ki, g\u00f6nderilecek olan kitab\u0131n dili hem vahyedildi\u011fi peygamberin hem de ilk muhataplar\u0131 olan kavmin lisan\u0131na g\u00f6re taayy\u00fcn etmektedir. Bu durumu Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019e uyarlamaya kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda do\u011fal olarak \u015f\u00f6yle bir netice ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaktay\u0131z: Kur\u2019an arap olan Efendimiz \ufdfa\u2019e vahyedilen ve yine arap olan sahabeyi ilk muhataplar olarak kabul eden bir kitap oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in elbette arap\u00e7a bir lisan ile gelmi\u015ftir.[3]<\/a> \u00d6yleyse \u015fu soru ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olacakt\u0131r: Allah \ufdfb\u2019\u0131n, kel\u00e2m\u0131n\u0131 evrensel k\u0131labilmek i\u00e7in Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 hangi dille g\u00f6ndermesi laz\u0131md\u0131? \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, bu hususta genel ge\u00e7er kabul edilebilecek bir k\u0131stastan s\u00f6z edebilir mi? Yukar\u0131da nakletti\u011fimiz sebeplerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc arap lisan\u0131yla nazil olan bir kitab\u0131n bizatihi bu dili kullanmas\u0131n\u0131n evrensellik iddias\u0131nda bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na delil getirilmesi nas\u0131l bir mant\u0131kt\u0131r?<\/li>\n
  2. \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn yine bu konu ba\u011flam\u0131nda delil olarak \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201cKur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n arap\u00e7a ini\u015fi ile akletmeye davet ediyor olmas\u0131 ve bu iki hususun araplar i\u00e7in mant\u0131kl\u0131 oldu\u011fu\u201d iddias\u0131na gelince: Hemen belirtmemiz gerekir ki, \u00d6zt\u00fcrk bu konu ba\u011flam\u0131ndaki ayeti de yanl\u0131\u015f yorumlamaktad\u0131r. Zira ayet-i kerime do\u011fal olarak ilk muhataplar\u0131 olan insanlara, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n, onlar\u0131n diliyle inzal edildi\u011fini bunun hikmetinin de onlar\u0131n akletmelerinin umulmas\u0131 oldu\u011funu tembihlemektedir. Zira \u201cE\u011fer biz onu, yabanc\u0131 dilden bir Kur’an k\u0131lsayd\u0131k, diyeceklerdi ki: Ayetleri tafsilatl\u0131 \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klanmal\u0131 de\u011fil miydi? Arab’a yabanc\u0131 dilden (kitap) olur mu?\u201d<\/em>[4]<\/a> ayet-i kerimesi de bu noktaya vurgu yapmaktad\u0131r. Fakat buradan hareketle, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n arap olmayan insanlar\u0131 akletmeye davet etmedi\u011fini iddia etmek son derece tutars\u0131zd\u0131r. Zira, bu iddia her \u015feyden \u00f6nce Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n akletme ile neyi kastetti\u011fini anlamamaktan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim, muhataplar\u0131n\u0131 sadece arap dili \u00fczerinden anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususlarda akletmeye \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmamaktad\u0131r. Bilakis yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde olup biten hadiseler ve mahlukat\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131yla ilgili tefekk\u00fcr ve taakkule davet eden ayetler hayli fazlad\u0131r. Bu durumun dille bir alakas\u0131 olabilir mi? Yani, Kur\u2019an arap\u00e7a indi\u011fi i\u00e7in sadece araplar\u0131 m\u0131 bu noktalarda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek tevhidi yakalamaya davet etmektedir? B\u00f6yle bir \u015fey d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir mi?<\/li>\n
  3. Ayr\u0131ca Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Hakim, \u00fczerinde nas\u0131l akledilmesi gerekti\u011fini \u015ferh sadedinde \u015f\u00f6yle de buyurmaktad\u0131r: \u201c\u015e\u00fcphesiz ki bunda kalbi olan veya haz\u0131r bulunup kulak veren kimseler i\u00e7in bir \u00f6\u011f\u00fct vard\u0131r.\u201d[5]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> Dikkat edilirse bu ayet-i celile akletme, \u00f6\u011f\u00fctlenme ile \u201ckalb\u201d aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011fa temas etmektedir. Buna g\u00f6re, Kur\u2019an\u2019dan kalbi olan, manevi d\u00fcnyas\u0131 mamur ki\u015filer \u00f6\u011f\u00fctlenebileceklerdir. \u00d6yleyse bu durumun lisandan \u00e7ok kalple ilgili vard\u0131r. Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n bahsetti\u011fi taakkul b\u00f6yle bir \u015feydir. Aksi takdirde, meseleyi mahza dil \u00fczerine kurarsak arap olmas\u0131 hasebiyle Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n manas\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde ona iman etmeyen onca m\u00fc\u015friklerin iman etmi\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekirdi.<\/li>\n
  4. Kur\u2019an, insanlar\u0131 nas\u0131l bir akletmeye \u2013daha do\u011fru bir tabirle- tesirlenmeye davet etti\u011fini \u015fu ayet-i kerimede de \u00e7ok enfes \u015fekilde izah buyurmaktad\u0131r: \u201cAllah s\u00f6z\u00fcn en g\u00fczelini, birbiriyle uyumlu ve b\u0131k\u0131lmadan tekrar tekrar okunan bir kitap olarak indirdi. Rablerinden korkanlar\u0131n, bu Kitab’\u0131n etkisinden t\u00fcyleri \u00fcrperir, derken hem bedenleri ve hem de g\u00f6n\u00fclleri Allah’\u0131n zikrine \u0131s\u0131n\u0131p yumu\u015far. \u0130\u015fte bu Kitap, Allah’\u0131n, diledi\u011fini kendisiyle do\u011fru yola iletti\u011fi hidayet rehberidir.\u201d[6]<\/strong><\/a> <\/em>Dikkat edilirse bu ayet-i kerimede Kur\u2019an\u2019dan \u00f6\u011f\u00fct alan ki\u015filerin dilleri arap\u00e7a olan ki\u015filer de\u011fil \u201cRablerinden korkan\/ ha\u015fyetullah duygusunu haiz olan\u201d ki\u015filer oldu\u011fu ifade edilmektedir. Mesele dilden ziyade g\u00f6n\u00fclle ilgilidir. Nitekim, bu duyguyu haiz olanlar\u0131n Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 duyduklar\u0131nda etkisinden dolay\u0131 t\u00fcylerinin \u00fcrperece\u011fi, hem bedenlerinin hem de kalplerinin Allah \ufdfb\u2019\u0131n zikrine \u0131s\u0131n\u0131p yumu\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ifade edilmesi de tamamen dikkatlerimizi bu noktaya \u00e7ekmektedir. \u015eu halde, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n manas\u0131n\u0131 lafzi olarak \u00e7ok iyi anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde vermek istedi\u011fi mesaj\u0131 anlamaktan aciz olan bir arap akletmemi\u015f, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n manas\u0131n\u0131 lafz\u00ee olarak anlamasa bile vermek istedi\u011fi mesaj\u0131 bir k\u0131s\u0131m vesilelerle anlam\u0131\u015f olan bir m\u00fcmin Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019e g\u00f6re akletmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n
  5. Konuyu, bahsimize \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutan ayetler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu zeminde ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn iddias\u0131n\u0131n ne denli basit bir \u015f\u00fcpheden ibaret oldu\u011fu da ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca hemen \u015funu da ifade edelim ki, \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n arap\u00e7a indirili\u015fi ile akletmeye davet etti\u011fi ayeti zikrederek sanki Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n indirili\u015finden ve akletmeden bahsedilen her ayette \u201cdilin arap\u00e7a olu\u015funa\u201d vurgu oldu\u011fu imas\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r ki bu son derece yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim Kur\u2019an\u2019da b\u00f6yle ayetler oldu\u011fu gibi \u201c(Res\u00fbl\u00fcm!) Sana bu m\u00fcbarek Kitab’\u0131, \u00e2yetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcns\u00fcnler ve akl\u0131 olanlar \u00f6\u011f\u00fct als\u0131nlar diye indirdik\u201d[7]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> gibi ayetler de vard\u0131r. Bu durumda \u201ctaakkul, tefekk\u00fcr, tedebb\u00fcr\u201d gibi kavramlar\u0131n m\u00fccerret manada arap lisan\u0131yla paralel kabul edilmesinin asla do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/li>\n
  6. \u015eayet \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ifade etti\u011fi gibi, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n arap lisan\u0131yla indirilmesi, mahza araplar\u0131 akletmeye davet etmesi anlam\u0131na geliyor olsayd\u0131 o halde Cenab-\u0131 Hak Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 dilsel anlamda gayet iyi anlad\u0131klar\u0131 halde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyenlerden bahsetti\u011fi \u201c<\/em>Onlar Kur’an’\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorlar m\u0131? Yoksa kalplerinin \u00fczerinde kilitleri mi var?<\/em>\u201d <\/em>\u015feklindeki ayetinde bizzat arap olan muhatap ki\u015filerin Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmelerine mani olan \u201ckalpler \u00fczerindeki k\u0131l\u0131flar\u201d dan bahsetmezdi. \u00d6yle ya, madem Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 sadece araplar anlar ve akleder \u00f6yleyse kalpler \u00fczerindeki k\u0131l\u0131flar\u0131n arap lisan\u0131na vak\u0131f olan ki\u015filerin \u00f6n\u00fcnde tefekk\u00fcre mani olmas\u0131 nas\u0131l izah edilebilir?<\/li>\n
  7. Bu iddiay\u0131 do\u011fru kabul etti\u011fimizde, Allah Resul\u00fc d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fay\u0131p arap oldu\u011fu halde Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n ahkam ayetleri gibi bir \u00e7ok ayetlerini anlayamayan zatlar\u0131n da muhatap kabul edilmemesi gibi bir durum ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r. Halbuki ayette Kur\u2019an\u2019dan ve arap\u00e7a olu\u015fundan bahsedilerek akletme \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Madem mesele mahza arap\u00e7a olmakla ilgili bir meseledir o halde Arap\u00e7aya vak\u0131f olan ki\u015filer ayetin zahiri manas\u0131ndan hangi gerek\u00e7eyle hari\u00e7 tutulabilecektir?<\/li>\n
  8. \u00d6zt\u00fcrk b\u00fct\u00fcn bu iddialar\u0131n\u0131 \u2013bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yukar\u0131da serdetti\u011fimiz- Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n evrensel oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koyan ayetlerden sarf-\u0131 nazar ederek sadece bir ayet meali \u00fczerinden temellendirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Oysa bu ilm\u00ee menhecten son derece uzak bir tutum oldu\u011fu gibi ahl\u00e2k\u00ee a\u00e7\u0131dan da asla insafla ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamayacak bir davran\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  9. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu izahlardan sonra \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn \u201cKald\u0131 ki ana dili T\u00fcrk\u00e7e veya \u0130ngilizce olan insanlara, “Daha iyi anlaman\u0131z i\u00e7in bu Kur’an’\u0131 Arap\u00e7a olarak indirdik” demek abes olsa gerektir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, Arap\u00e7a nazil olan Kur’an dil d\u00fczeyinde de evrensel de\u011fil, yerel ve tarihseldir. Burada hemen belirtelim ki Kur’an’\u0131n Arabili\u011fi salt lisana ili\u015fkin bir niteleme de\u011fil lisan\u0131 kendisinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z sayamayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve zihniyeti de kapsayan bir nitelemedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc daha \u00f6nce de belirtti\u011fimiz gibi her dil belli bir toplumu yans\u0131t\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle bir toplumun ya\u015fam tarz\u0131, gelenekleri, g\u00f6renekleri, d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, inan\u00e7lar\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sanata katk\u0131lar\u0131 o toplumun diline yans\u0131r.\u201d[8]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> \u015feklindeki ifadelerinin de ne kadar yersiz iddialardan ibaret oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \n

    [1]<\/a> \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Kur\u2019an ve Tefsir K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz<\/em>, s. 15<\/p>\n

    [2]<\/a> \u0130brahim, 4<\/p>\n

    [3]<\/a> Bu noktada Arap\u00e7an\u0131n di\u011fer dillere bir \u00e7ok y\u00f6n\u00fcyle beraber \u00fcst\u00fcn oldu\u011funu da unutmamal\u0131y\u0131z. Fakat bu husus konumuzla direkt olarak taalluk etmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in de\u011finmeyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

    [4]<\/a> Fussilet, 44<\/p>\n

    [5]<\/a> Kaf, 37<\/p>\n

    [6]<\/a> Z\u00fcmer, 23<\/p>\n

    [7]<\/a> S\u00e2d, 29<\/p>\n

    [8]<\/a> \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Kur\u2019an ve Tefsir K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz<\/em>, s. 15<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n tarihsel bir hitap oldu\u011fu noktas\u0131ndaki iddialar\u0131n\u0131 bir ba\u015fka dayanakla da temellendirmek istiyor. S\u00f6z gelimi bu dayanak, ona g\u00f6re Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n dil d\u00fczeyinde evrensellik iddias\u0131nda bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun da gerek\u00e7esi Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n Arap\u00e7a olarak inzal edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu noktalar\u0131n ilgili iddiaya nas\u0131l mesnet oldu\u011fu sorusu \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ifadelerinde \u015f\u00f6yle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k buluyor: \u201cKur’an dil-lisan d\u00fczeyinde de evrensellik iddias\u0131 i\u00e7ermez. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":781,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,5],"tags":[69,70,192,401,491,643],"class_list":{"0":"post-780","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-gundeme-dair","8":"category-modernizm","9":"tag-arap-dili","10":"tag-arapca","11":"tag-evrensellik","12":"tag-kuran","13":"tag-mustafa-ozturk","14":"tag-tarihselcilik"},"yoast_head":"\nKur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n Arap\u00e7a Olmas\u0131 Evrenselli\u011fe Ayk\u0131r\u0131 M\u0131d\u0131r? - \u00d6mer Faruk Korkmaz Hocaefendi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/omerfarukkorkmaz.com.tr\/tr\/kuranin-arapca-olmasi-evrensellige-aykiri-midir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n Arap\u00e7a Olmas\u0131 Evrenselli\u011fe Ayk\u0131r\u0131 M\u0131d\u0131r? - \u00d6mer Faruk Korkmaz Hocaefendi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n tarihsel bir hitap oldu\u011fu noktas\u0131ndaki iddialar\u0131n\u0131 bir ba\u015fka dayanakla da temellendirmek istiyor. 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