{"id":1000,"date":"2021-09-08T11:07:20","date_gmt":"2021-09-08T11:07:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omerfarukkorkmaz.com.tr\/?p=1000"},"modified":"2024-07-18T14:49:06","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T14:49:06","slug":"1000","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/omerfarukkorkmaz.com.tr\/tr\/1000\/","title":{"rendered":"Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flerde \u015eart Muhayyerli\u011finin M\u00fcddeti Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Soru: <\/strong>Bir kimse herhangi bir \u015feyi almak istedi\u011finde yapaca\u011f\u0131 al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fte daha sa\u011flam hareket etmek amac\u0131yla \u015fartl\u0131 olarak o mal\u0131 sat\u0131n almas\u0131 caiz midir? Caizse bunun nihai s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 nedir?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Cevap: \u00a0<\/strong>Yap\u0131lan al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flerde ko\u015fulan muhayyerlik \u015fartlar\u0131 her ne olursa olsun akidlerin m\u00fbcebine ve muktezas\u0131na z\u0131t olan \u015feylerdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc akidlerde aslolan akdin meydana gelmesi an\u0131nda m\u00fclkiyetin h\u00e2s\u0131l olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bundan dolay\u0131d\u0131r ki; Peygamber Aleyhissalat\u00fc vesselam\u00a0Attab b. \u00dcseyd<\/strong> isimli sahabiyi Mekke\u2019ye g\u00f6nderdi\u011finde ona Mekke ehlini \u015fartl\u0131 al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapmaktan nehyetmesini emretmi\u015ftir.[1]<\/a>Yap\u0131lan akidde \u015fayet taraflardan birisi muhayyer bulundu\u011funu iddia edip di\u011feri bunu ink\u00e2r ediyor ise Zahiru\u2019r-rivayeye<\/strong>\u00a0g\u00f6re s\u00f6z ink\u00e2r edene aiddir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o asl\u0131 savunmaktad\u0131r.[2]<\/a>\u015eu kadar\u0131 var ki fukaha bu as\u0131ldan bir tak\u0131m naslar gere\u011fi d\u00f6nmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rivayetlere g\u00f6re\u00a0Habban b. M\u00fcnkiz<\/strong>\u00a0(Rad\u0131yallahu Anh) isimli sahabi yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flerde aldan\u0131yordu. Yak\u0131nlar\u0131 Peygamber Aleyhissalat\u00fc vesselam\u2019a gelerek onu hacretmesini yani yapaca\u011f\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131 engellemesini istediler. Bunun \u00fczerine Nebi Sallallahu Aleyhi ve Sellem onu \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131p al\u0131\u015fveri\u015ften nehyetti ve ona\u00a0\u201cAl\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u2018aldatma yok, benim i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn muhayyerlik vard\u0131r\u2019 de <\/em>buyurdu.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bu rivayet a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a bey\u2019 akdinde muhayyerlik olabilece\u011fini ifade etmektedir. Bunu\u00a0es-Sevri<\/strong>,\u00a0\u0130bn \u015e\u00fcbrume<\/strong>\u00a0ve\u00a0Zahiri<\/strong>lerden bir b\u00f6l\u00fck d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kimse ink\u00e2r etmemi\u015ftir.[4]<\/a>Buna g\u00f6re bir kimsenin muhayyer olma \u015fart\u0131 ile bir mal\u0131 almas\u0131 caizdir.<\/p>\n

Bu konu sadedinde, \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nemli bir nokta muhayyerlik<\/strong>\u00a0\u015fart\u0131n\u0131n nihai s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, yani en fazla ne kadar olabilece\u011fidir.\u00a0\u0130mam Muhammed<\/strong>\u2019in\u00a0zahiru\u2019r-rivaye<\/strong>\u00a0olarak\u00a0\u0130mam Ebu Hanife<\/strong>\u2019den nakletti\u011fine g\u00f6re Ebu Hanife\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde muhayyerlik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n olabilece\u011fi en fazla m\u00fcddet \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcnden daha fazla olarak \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen \u015fartta, \u015fayet m\u00fcddet ger\u00e7ekten de \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7erse muhayyerlik olmayacakt\u0131r.[5]<\/a>\u00a0\u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcnden fazla olarak ko\u015fulan muhayyerlik \u015fart\u0131nda \u201c\u015fayet \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7erse\u201d diye kay\u0131tlama yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi b\u00f6yle bir muhayyerlikte \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde icazet verilecek olursa akdin caiz olmaya intikal etmesi sebebiyledir.Mesela bir ki\u015fi herhangi bir mal\u0131 d\u00f6rt g\u00fcn muhayyer olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131yla alsa veya satsa fakat \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde bu akde icazet verecek olsa, bu akid caiz olacakt\u0131r.[6]<\/a>\u00a0H\u0131yar-\u0131 \u015fart<\/strong>\u0131n m\u00fcddetini en fazla \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn olarak ta\u2019yin eden\u00a0\u0130mam-\u0131 \u00c2zam<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi \u015fudur:<\/p>\n

Efendimiz Aleyihissalat\u00fc vesselam \u011farar<\/strong> al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finden nehyetmi\u015ftir. \u015eartl\u0131 yap\u0131lan al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flerde de sonu\u00e7 itibar\u0131yla paran\u0131n m\u0131 yoksa sat\u0131lan \u015feyin mi sonu\u00e7 olarak ele ge\u00e7ece\u011fi me\u00e7huld\u00fcr. Bu itibarla, zikretti\u011fimiz nas umumi manas\u0131yla az olsun \u00e7ok olsun her hangi bir m\u00fcddet \u015fart ko\u015fularak yap\u0131lan al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fin bat\u0131l olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmektedir.Ne var ki bu konuda varid olan naslardan dolay\u0131 buna cevaz verilmi\u015f ve \u00fcmmet de bunun caiz oldu\u011fu \u00fczerinde ittifak etmi\u015ftir. \u015eu halde biz \u015fart muhayyerli\u011fine dair gelen naslardan dolay\u0131 bu muhayyerli\u011fi \u011farar al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi<\/strong>nden mutlak anlamda nehyeden hadisten tahsis ettik ve bu hadis de muhayyerli\u011fi \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn olarak ta\u2019yin etti\u011fi i\u00e7in di\u011fer hadis \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnden fazla muhayyerlik \u015fart ko\u015fulan akidleri nehyetmesi hususunda umumu \u00fczere kald\u0131.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u015eart olarak \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen muhayyerli\u011fin \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnden daha fazla olabilece\u011fini savunan ba\u015fta\u00a0\u0130mam Ebu Yusuf<\/strong>,\u00a0\u0130mam Muhammed<\/strong>\u00a0ve\u00a0\u0130bnu\u2019l-M\u00fcnzir<\/strong>,\u00a0el-Hasen b. Salih<\/strong>,\u00a0\u0130bn Ebi Leyla<\/strong>,\u00a0\u0130shak<\/strong>,\u00a0Ebu Sevr<\/strong>\u00a0gibi \u00e2limlere g\u00f6re muhayyerlik ki\u015finin ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in m\u00fcddeti de o ihtiya\u00e7 ile takdir olunur.[8]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bir de \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnden ziyade olan vakitteki aldanman\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisindeki aldanmadan her hangi bir fark\u0131 yoktur. \u015eu halde \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u015fart\u0131 ile caiz olan muhayyerlik daha fazla m\u00fcddet i\u00e7in de caiz olmal\u0131d\u0131r.[9]<\/a>Zaten sat\u0131c\u0131 veya m\u00fc\u015fteriye tan\u0131nan bu muhayyerlik hakk\u0131n\u0131n ana gayesi ki\u015finin al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f esnas\u0131nda aldanmamas\u0131na matuftur. Yap\u0131lan bir k\u0131s\u0131m al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flerde bu gayenin \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemesi do\u011fal bir durumdur. \u015eu halde bu ki\u015finin kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[10]<\/a>Rivayet cihetiyle bakacak olursak\u00a0\u0130bn \u00d6mer<\/strong>\u00a0(Rad\u0131yallahu Anh) de iki aya kadar muhayyerlik \u015fart\u0131 ko\u015fmu\u015ftur.[11]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bu konuda Hanefi mezhebine aid metinler genel itibar\u0131yla \u0130mam Ebu Hanife\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc takdim etmektedirler.[12]<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

[1]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Vehbe ez-Z\u00fchayli, el-F\u0131khu\u2019l- Hanefiyyu\u2019l-M\u00fcyesser<\/em>, I\/479 Daru\u2019l-Fikr, D\u0131me\u015fk, 2010, B.I<\/p>\n

[2]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0130bn N\u00fcceym, el-Bahru\u2019r-Raik<\/em>, VI\/5 Daru\u2019l-K\u00fct\u00fcbi\u2019l-\u0130lmiyye, Beyrut-L\u00fcbnan, 1997, B.I<\/p>\n

[3]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Ez-Zeylai, Nasbu\u2019r-Raye<\/em>, III\/14-15, Daru\u2019l-K\u00fct\u00fcbi\u2019l-\u0130lmiyye, Beyrut-L\u00fcbnan, 2010,B.III<\/p>\n

[4]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Zafer Osmani et-Tehanevi, \u0130\u2019lau\u2019s-S\u00fcnen<\/em>, XII\/5865 Daru\u2019l-Fikr, Beyrut-L\u00fcbnan, 2001, B.I<\/p>\n

[5]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Muhammed b. Hasen e\u015f-\u015eeybani, Kitabu\u2019l-Asl<\/em>, II\/457, Daru \u0130bn Hazm, Beyrut, 2012, B.I<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a>\u00a0Muhammed b. Hasen e\u015f-\u015eeybani, el-Camiu\u2019s-Sa\u011fir<\/em>, s.343 Alemu\u2019l-K\u00fct\u00fcb, Beyrut, 1986, B.I<\/p>\n

[7]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0Ebu Bekir Razi el-Cessas, \u015eerhu Muhtasari\u2019t-Tahavi<\/em>, III\/13 Daru\u2019l-Be\u015fairi\u2019l-\u0130slamiyye, Beyrut, 2010, B.II<\/p>\n

[8]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0Bkz. \u0130bn Kudame el-Makdisi, e\u015f-\u015eerhu\u2019l-Kebir<\/em>,\u00a0 (el-Mu\u011fni ile) V\/303 Daru\u2019l-Hadis, Kahire 2004<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0el-Cessas, a.g.e<\/em>., III\/14<\/p>\n

[10]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0el-Mavs\u0131li, el-\u0130htiyar<\/em>, II\/28 er-Risaletu\u2019l-Alemiyye, 2009, B.I<\/p>\n

[11]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u015eeyhzade, Mecmau\u2019l-Enhur<\/em>, III\/32 Daru\u2019l-K\u00fct\u00fcbi\u2019l-lmiyye, Beyrut-L\u00fcbnan 1998, B.I<\/p>\n

[12]<\/strong><\/a> Mesela Bkz. el-Kuduri, Muhtasar<\/em>, s. 222, D.K.\u0130,\u00a0 en-Nesefi, Kenzu\u2019d-Dekaik<\/em>, s. 209, Daru\u2019l-Beyruti, Dime\u015fk vd.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Soru: Bir kimse herhangi bir \u015feyi almak istedi\u011finde yapaca\u011f\u0131 al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fte daha sa\u011flam hareket etmek amac\u0131yla \u015fartl\u0131 olarak o mal\u0131 sat\u0131n almas\u0131 caiz midir? Caizse bunun nihai s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 nedir? Cevap: \u00a0Yap\u0131lan al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flerde ko\u015fulan muhayyerlik \u015fartlar\u0131 her ne olursa olsun akidlerin m\u00fbcebine ve muktezas\u0131na z\u0131t olan \u015feylerdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc akidlerde aslolan akdin meydana gelmesi an\u0131nda m\u00fclkiyetin h\u00e2s\u0131l olmas\u0131d\u0131r. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":886,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,8,9],"tags":[162,165,248,266,315,581],"class_list":{"0":"post-1000","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-makaleler","8":"category-sual-cevap","9":"category-ticaret","10":"tag-ebu-hanife","11":"tag-ebu-yusuf","12":"tag-hanefi-mezhebi","13":"tag-hiyarussart","14":"tag-imam-muhammed","15":"tag-sart-muhayyerligi"},"yoast_head":"\nAl\u0131\u015fveri\u015flerde \u015eart Muhayyerli\u011finin M\u00fcddeti Nedir? - \u00d6mer Faruk Korkmaz Hocaefendi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/omerfarukkorkmaz.com.tr\/tr\/1000\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flerde \u015eart Muhayyerli\u011finin M\u00fcddeti Nedir? - \u00d6mer Faruk Korkmaz Hocaefendi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Soru: Bir kimse herhangi bir \u015feyi almak istedi\u011finde yapaca\u011f\u0131 al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fte daha sa\u011flam hareket etmek amac\u0131yla \u015fartl\u0131 olarak o mal\u0131 sat\u0131n almas\u0131 caiz midir? 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